![]() There was little support for the monarchy in the major cities, and King Alfonso XIII abdicated the Second Spanish Republic was formed, whose power would remain until the culmination of the Spanish Civil War. Support for his regime gradually faded, and he resigned in January 1930. A military coup brought Miguel Primo de Rivera to power in 1923, and he ran Spain as a military dictatorship. After the First World War, the working class, the industrial class, and the military united in hopes of removing the corrupt central government, but were unsuccessful. Growing resentment of conscription and of the military culminated in the Tragic Week in Barcelona in 1909. Alejandro Lerroux helped bring republicanism to the fore in Catalonia, where poverty was particularly acute. After the restoration of the Bourbons in December 1874, Carlists and anarchists emerged in opposition to the monarchy. In 1873 Isabella's replacement, King Amadeo I of the House of Savoy, abdicated due to increasing political pressure, and the short-lived First Spanish Republic was proclaimed. In 1868 popular uprisings led to the overthrow of Queen Isabella II of the House of Bourbon. ![]() The landowners' power was unsuccessfully challenged by the industrial and merchant sectors. The background of the Spanish Civil War dates back to the end of the 19th century, when the owners of large estates, called latifundios, held most of the power in a land-based oligarchy. ![]() Historical context leading to the Spanish Civil War ![]()
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